Arduino 1602 LCD 顯示大字型
一般Arduino常用的1602 LCD,不論是16x2或是20x4,字型尺寸是固定的,有時可能只是要顯示時間或是溫度,字數不多,佔整個LCD的比例有點小,這時就會想說,能不能把字型變大呢?
其實是可行的,你可以利用createChar()這個函式自行建立字型,像是數字、英文及符號,這類的範例或是函式庫不少,但傑森找到woodsgood.ca的這支範例覺得最好用!
原文請參考:
http://woodsgood.ca/projec…/…/02/17/big-font-lcd-characters/
但傑森個人習慣用LiquidCrystal_PCF8574函式庫,所以進行簡單的改寫,把LiquidCrystal_I2C函式庫,改成LiquidCrystal_PCF8574函式庫,簡化了一點主程式,再加上一些中文的註解,大家應該一看就懂囉!
當然,請先安裝LiquidCrystal_PCF8574函式庫哦!
有關LCD的入門,請參考之前的文章:
Arduino 1602 LCD 最快速範例
#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_PCF8574.h> //載入函式庫
LiquidCrystal_PCF8574 lcd(0x27); // 設定i2c位址,一般情況就是0x27和0x3F兩種
//數字的字型設定
const char custom[][8] PROGMEM = { // Custom character definitions
{ 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }, // char 1
{ 0x18, 0x1C, 0x1E, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F }, // char 2
{ 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x0F, 0x07, 0x03 }, // char 3
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F }, // char 4
{ 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1E, 0x1C, 0x18 }, // char 5
{ 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1F, 0x1F }, // char 6
{ 0x1F, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F }, // char 7
{ 0x03, 0x07, 0x0F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F, 0x1F } // char 8
};
// BIG FONT Character Set
// - Each character coded as 1-4 byte sets {top_row(0), top_row(1)... bot_row(0), bot_row(0)..."}
// - number of bytes terminated with 0x00; Character is made from [number_of_bytes/2] wide, 2 high
// - codes are: 0x01-0x08 => custom characters, 0x20 => space, 0xFF => black square
//文字和符號的設定
const char bigChars[][8] PROGMEM = {
{ 0x20, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }, // Space
{ 0xFF, 0x07, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }, // !
{ 0x05, 0x05, 0x20, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }, // "
{ 0x04, 0xFF, 0x04, 0xFF, 0x04, 0x01, 0xFF, 0x01 }, // #
{ 0x08, 0xFF, 0x06, 0x07, 0xFF, 0x05, 0x00, 0x00 }, // $
{ 0x01, 0x20, 0x04, 0x01, 0x04, 0x01, 0x20, 0x04 }, // %
{ 0x08, 0x06, 0x02, 0x20, 0x03, 0x07, 0x02, 0x04 }, // &
{ 0x05, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }, // '
{ 0x08, 0x01, 0x03, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }, // (
{ 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x05, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }, // )
{ 0x01, 0x04, 0x04, 0x01, 0x04, 0x01, 0x01, 0x04 }, // *
{ 0x04, 0xFF, 0x04, 0x01, 0xFF, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00 }, // +
{ 0x20, 0x05, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }, //
{ 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00 }, // -
{ 0x20, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }, // .
{ 0x20, 0x20, 0x04, 0x01, 0x04, 0x01, 0x20, 0x20 }, // /
{ 0x08, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x00, 0x00 }, // 0
{ 0x01, 0x02, 0x20, 0x04, 0xFF, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00 }, // 1
{ 0x06, 0x06, 0x02, 0xFF, 0x07, 0x07, 0x00, 0x00 }, // 2
{ 0x01, 0x06, 0x02, 0x04, 0x07, 0x05, 0x00, 0x00 }, // 3
{ 0x03, 0x04, 0xFF, 0x20, 0x20, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00 }, // 4
{ 0xFF, 0x06, 0x06, 0x07, 0x07, 0x05, 0x00, 0x00 }, // 5
{ 0x08, 0x06, 0x06, 0x03, 0x07, 0x05, 0x00, 0x00 }, // 6
{ 0x01, 0x01, 0x02, 0x20, 0x08, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00 }, // 7
{ 0x08, 0x06, 0x02, 0x03, 0x07, 0x05, 0x00, 0x00 }, // 8
{ 0x08, 0x06, 0x02, 0x07, 0x07, 0x05, 0x00, 0x00 }, // 9
{ 0xA5, 0xA5, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }, // :
{ 0x04, 0x05, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }, // ;
{ 0x20, 0x04, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00 }, // <
{ 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00 }, // =
{ 0x01, 0x04, 0x20, 0x04, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00 }, // >
{ 0x01, 0x06, 0x02, 0x20, 0x07, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00 }, // ?
{ 0x08, 0x06, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00 }, // @
{ 0x08, 0x06, 0x02, 0xFF, 0x20, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00 }, // A
{ 0xFF, 0x06, 0x05, 0xFF, 0x07, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00 }, // B
{ 0x08, 0x01, 0x01, 0x03, 0x04, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00 }, // C
{ 0xFF, 0x01, 0x02, 0xFF, 0x04, 0x05, 0x00, 0x00 }, // D
{ 0xFF, 0x06, 0x06, 0xFF, 0x07, 0x07, 0x00, 0x00 }, // E
{ 0xFF, 0x06, 0x06, 0xFF, 0x20, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00 }, // F
{ 0x08, 0x01, 0x01, 0x03, 0x04, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00 }, // G
{ 0xFF, 0x04, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x20, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00 }, // H
{ 0x01, 0xFF, 0x01, 0x04, 0xFF, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00 }, // I
{ 0x20, 0x20, 0xFF, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05, 0x00, 0x00 }, // J
{ 0xFF, 0x04, 0x05, 0xFF, 0x20, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00 }, // K
{ 0xFF, 0x20, 0x20, 0xFF, 0x04, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00 }, // L
{ 0x08, 0x03, 0x05, 0x02, 0xFF, 0x20, 0x20, 0xFF }, // M
{ 0xFF, 0x02, 0x20, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x20, 0x03, 0xFF }, // N
{ 0x08, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x00, 0x00 }, // 0
{ 0x08, 0x06, 0x02, 0xFF, 0x20, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00 }, // P
{ 0x08, 0x01, 0x02, 0x20, 0x03, 0x04, 0xFF, 0x04 }, // Q
{ 0xFF, 0x06, 0x02, 0xFF, 0x20, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00 }, // R
{ 0x08, 0x06, 0x06, 0x07, 0x07, 0x05, 0x00, 0x00 }, // S
{ 0x01, 0xFF, 0x01, 0x20, 0xFF, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00 }, // T
{ 0xFF, 0x20, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x00, 0x00 }, // U
{ 0x03, 0x20, 0x20, 0x05, 0x20, 0x02, 0x08, 0x20 }, // V
{ 0xFF, 0x20, 0x20, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x08, 0x02, 0x05 }, // W
{ 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x08, 0x20, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00 }, // X
{ 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x20, 0xFF, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00 }, // Y
{ 0x01, 0x06, 0x05, 0x08, 0x07, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00 }, // Z
{ 0xFF, 0x01, 0xFF, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }, // [
{ 0x01, 0x04, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x01, 0x04 }, // Backslash
{ 0x01, 0xFF, 0x04, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }, // ]
{ 0x08, 0x02, 0x20, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }, // ^
{ 0x20, 0x20, 0x20, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00 } // _
};
byte col,row,nb=0,bc=0; // general
byte bb[8]; // byte buffer for reading from PROGMEM
//*****************************************************************************************//
// Initial Setup
//*****************************************************************************************//
void setup() {
//lcd.begin(16, 2); //16x2的LCD
lcd.begin(20, 4); //20x4的LCD
lcd.setBacklight(255); //背光設到最大
//建立大字型
for (nb=0; nb<8; nb++ ) { // create 8 custom characters
for (bc=0; bc<8; bc++) bb[bc]= pgm_read_byte( &custom[nb][bc] );
lcd.createChar ( nb+1, bb );
}
lcd.clear(); //清除畫面
//writeBigString(要顯示的字串,第幾個字,行)
//請注意,因為大字型2行才能顯示1個字,所以行1,就是指正常的1~2行,
//16x2的LCD只能顯示1行大字型
//如果用的是20x4的LCD,第二行大字型,就是行2
//writeBigString(" 2 4 C", 0, 0);
//lcd.setCursor(10,0);
//lcd.print("o");
writeBigString(" 17:26", 0, 0);
/*
writeBigString(" 2 4 C", 0, 0);
lcd.setCursor(9,0);
lcd.print("o");
writeBigString(" 17:26", 0, 2);
*/
/*
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print("Big Font Characters");
writeBigString("J A S O N", 0, 2);
*/
}
// MAIN LOOP
//********************************************************************************
void loop() {
}
// ********************************************************************************** //
// SUBROUTINES
// ********************************************************************************** //
// writeBigChar: writes big character 'ch' to column x, row y; returns number of columns used by 'ch'
int writeBigChar(char ch, byte x, byte y) {
if (ch < ' ' || ch > '_') return 0; // If outside table range, do nothing
nb=0; // character byte counter
for (bc=0; bc<8; bc++) {
bb[bc] = pgm_read_byte( &bigChars[ch-' '][bc] ); // read 8 bytes from PROGMEM
if(bb[bc] != 0) nb++;
}
bc=0;
for (row = y; row < y+2; row++) {
for (col = x; col < x+nb/2; col++ ) {
lcd.setCursor(col, row); // move to position
lcd.write(bb[bc++]); // write byte and increment to next
}
// lcd.setCursor(col, row);
// lcd.write(' '); // Write ' ' between letters
}
return nb/2-1; // returns number of columns used by char
}
// writeBigString: writes out each letter of string
void writeBigString(char *str, byte x, byte y) {
char c;
while ((c = *str++))
x += writeBigChar(c, x, y) + 1;
}
// ********************************************************************************** //
// OPERATION ROUTINES
// ********************************************************************************** //
// FREERAM: Returns the number of bytes currently free in RAM
int freeRam(void) {
extern int __bss_end, *__brkval;
int free_memory;
if((int)__brkval == 0) {
free_memory = ((int)&free_memory) - ((int)&__bss_end);
}
else {
free_memory = ((int)&free_memory) - ((int)__brkval);
}
return free_memory;
}